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The anticoagulant Plavix, Sanofi's flagship drug, loses its patent on Thursday the United States. Although long-expected, this is a difficult stage for the championship tricolor pharmacy. The arrival of generics is usually depressing sales of an original drug by 80% within months. However, in 2011, sales of Plavix in the United States accounted for 4.8 billion euros. In accounting terms, the decline in sales will have no impact on the accounts of the champion tricolor because the marketing of its flagship product is provided by the U.S. laboratory BMS.

The benefit of Sanofi will, however, heavily impacted. In 2012, the group's net profit will suffer an impact of 1.4 billion euros, due to the loss of U.S. patents on two products, Aprovel / Avapro in March and especially Plavix May 17, announced Chris Viehbacher, CEO of Sanofi in February.

Plavix had already lost its patent protection in Europe. But its total turnover in 2011 reached 7 billion euros. This made so ephemeral, without doubt, the top-selling drug in the world, after the cholesterol-lowering Lipitor, sold by Pfizer, has lost its patent protection last November.

Clopidogrel, the active ingredient used for generic for Plavix and marketed by the French lab is fully produced Sisteron (04). However, the laboratory will manufacture other chemical molecules, which means that 500 jobs are not threatened by the loss of U.S. patent for Plavix, Sanofi sure.  

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"2011 was a very good year. The outlook is quite favorable for 2012. There will still be strong growth, "said Jean-Paul Herteman Wednesday, Chairman of the Group of French aeronautical and space industries (Gifas), which comprises almost 300 companies large and small. Last year, orders were up 17% to 53.9 billion euros thanks to the success of the Airbus 320neo, ATR regional aircraft and engine that equips the Leap 320neo Airbus A, B MAX 737 C and 919 Chinese Comac. They represent four years of production.

The sector remains the leading French exporter with 23.5 billion euros export. 77% of its consolidated turnover. Research investments represented 15% of turnover (38.5 billion euros). "They have never been higher. Innovation is the key to success, "said Jean-Paul Herteman. But some sectors are faring better than others. The turnover of the space industry is stable at 4 billion euros. The defense is uncertain.

As the United States and other European countries, France will reduce the budget for the armed. "The impact should be spread over time," commented Jean-Paul Herteman. He believes there is a strong consensus among political leaders of all stripes to preserve the defense industry and its dynamism.

In aerospace, Airbus, Safran, Zodiac and other businesses benefit from the good resilience of global traffic, which continues an upward trend. The low-cost airlines equip themselves. The American buying aircraft consume less fuel as the Airbus A 320neo guaranteed personal loan approval. "In business aviation, you feel a slight shudder," noted Jean-Paul Herteman.

Carbon tax: "Europe can not isolate"

Despite a promising outlook, the aviation industry has struggled to find the staff they need. It has certainly increased its workforce last year in France from 3.2% to 162,000 employees. They recruited 13,000 employees and 4500 apprentices trained, but she could hire more. SMEs do not attract young people. They suffer from a lack of awareness.

To change this, the sector can now train apprentices in a large group and one of its subcontractors. But this measure will not suffice. "There is a problem of supply and demand. The offer of Education Is at our request? I do not think so, "said Thierry Voiriot, chairman of Aero-SME Gifas.

Another difficult issue: the decision of Europe to impose since 1 January a carbon tax on airlines around the world. This has caused a tremendous outcry. China is threatening to freeze orders 55 Airbus (our editions of March 31). Anxious to avoid a trade war that would penalize the French aerospace industry, President Gifas regret that Europe has made this decision unilaterally. He called for a solution is found at the international level. "Europe can not isolate themselves," said Jean-Paul Herteman.

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France could seek to accelerate its transition energy. In fact, the country's fuel bill has reached a new record in 2011, up from 32% to 61.4 billion euros, according to figures from the Commissioner General for Sustainable Development announced by Les Echos. The energy bill of France and represented 3.1% of GDP, last year against 2.5% in 2010.

This increase was driven by soaring oil prices. The average price per barrel of oil a year has indeed established last year to $ 111, not seen since the nineteenth century. The price of unleaded gasoline and have reached new heights last week, to 1.6211 euro on average for a liter of unleaded 95 and 1.6610 for that of 98 unleaded, according to data released yesterday by Ministry of Sustainable Development. This price is still below the record high of 1 fast cash without a hassle.4541 euro per liter recorded in May 2008.

Since late 2011, gasoline prices beat record after record in France, propelled by the combination of geopolitical factors that keep crude oil prices at very high levels, and weakening of the euro against the dollar , which amplifies the cost of black gold once its converted value in the single currency.

Nuclear energy has however enabled France to reduce its energy dependence as the country has a net electricity exports by 2.6 billion euros. The development of renewable energy has also enabled France to reduce the weight of its energy dependence.

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On February 20, during the auction of the hamlet of Courbefy, located 40 km southwest of Limoges, no buyer had appeared, despite a retail price of only 300,000 euros. With the effect of media coverage, between 150 and 200 buyers from around the world are scrambling to try to acquire this highly original property, offered for sale price of a two-room Paris.

Without buyers, the entire village, 19 rustic buildings in various states, the boxes for horses, pool, tennis court, culminating in nearly 557 meters high with a beautiful view of the mountains of Chalus in the Périgord Limousin regional park, should return to Credit Agricole, creditor's last owner who could not repay the loan. Its proposed resort, launched in 2003, has never worked and went bankrupt, causing the abandonment of the site in 2008.

The news of the sale of Courbefy was first taken up by the media in France, before being scattered by the whole world, fascinated by the idea that a whole village could be sold for a price as ridiculous . "Admittedly, this is an offer very original, very unique, because the entire village is sold at once," says Mr. Paul Le Figaro Gérardin, counsel for the Credit Agricole. "It's because someone has bought one by one all the houses after the abandonment of the hamlet."

After being abandoned by its last inhabitants in the 1970s due to rural exodus, the small village of Courbefy might find occupants with a last minute deal last Thursday filed with the court registry by Limoges an American company, AHAE Press, registered in the State of New York. This entity belongs to the Korean-born American photographer Ahae, artist specializing in landscape photography and wildlife, whose exhibition "Through my window" must be presented at the Louvre in Paris from June 26 to July 23.

With its 10% deposit of the purchase price, the sale process is restarted, and new auction will take place at court of Limoges on May 21. "I'm sure will be many bidders," suggests Paul Gérardin me. "We have already responded to 150 to 200 inquiries from around the world. Initial requests are first come from the Paris region, London, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden and other European countries before coming the United Arab Emirates, China, U.S. and Russian. "

One potential buyers, a Dutchman, wants to use the hamlet for a reality TV show in which participants would call premises in shape.

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Gerard Larcher could have done without the public release, two weeks ago, Francois Fillon, who suggested to redirect some 31 billion spent annually on training unemployed only.

"I lie to you if I told you that I have not complicated the task," says the former chairman of the Senate to which the Prime Minister has given two months in late January to lay the groundwork for a "radical reform "vocational training system. Job seekers do not enjoy today that $ 3.8 billion on training 31 billion spent each year. A drop of water

.

The four "priority objectives" set out in its letter of engagement are clear. This is to "orient vocational training to those who need it most, including job seekers," and "encourage companies to better train their employees by allocating adequate funds." The former Minister of Labour intends to not vary from its roadmap. It continues its hearings until mid-March and will report – "an aid to reflection for the future majority" – early April. "We must adapt our discourse and practices in modern times, he says the Figaro, mid-term. Vocational training was forty years ago a tool of social advancement and has become over time a non-aid decommissioning and an insertion tool. "

For now, Gerard Larcher wishes to move three points. First, to increase from 10 to 40% the share of unemployed trained and adapt their training to real business needs. "We must territorialize reflection and ensure that the curriculum really coincide with skills needed in employment areas," he insists payday loan lenders. Second, transform-Opca that collect money from training to companies in-prescribers. Third, rationalize expenditures. "We have a problem of cost effectiveness of certain formations, Judge Gerard Larcher. It is possible to redeploy, constant envelope, misused funds to training resulted in strong. "

Reform of the representative employers

Although this is not part of its roadmap, Gerard Larcher also intends to make proposals on the financing of trade unions and professional. Publication on the sly "real fake" Perruchot report on money management and trade unions-which confirmed "without suggesting any solution" that some organizations were shooting some of their resources-training convinced him to go in this sense. "There's too much unsaid and too known on these subjects, he despairs. I can not propose lines of education reform without addressing the issue of funding of social dialogue and propose ways of evolution. "The former second officer of the State should also suggest a reform of the employer's representative, in the vein of that which was implemented in 2008 for the unions, based on the election.

As for the referendum issue, raised by the President to remove "blockages" that are sure to respond to the outcome of discussions on vocational training, Gerard Larcher's not. "I believe in intermediate bodies, they are useful," says he, laconically.

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The riposte was swift. Hours after the publication Saturday in Le Figaro in an interview with Philippe Houze, the boss of the Galeries Lafayette, a 50% shareholder of Monoprix, Casino has been keen to dot the "i". "We have never been and we are not our vendor 50% stake in Monoprix," says a spokesman for the group Saint Etienne.

Monday afternoon, the Board should reject the casino proposal Galeries Lafayette to sell half of Monoprix to 1.35 billion euros. And refuse to buy back that share the same amount.

"If the Galeries Lafayette wish to sell their interest, as seems to be the case, the Casino is ready to buy, says the spokesperson, but at a fair price based on realistic financial assumptions taking into account economic conditions and recovery current distribution undertakings. "

Last week, the co-shareholders have made public their disagreement over the valuation of the interest in Monoprix and Galeries Lafayette: 1.95 billion euros according to the group of department stores, 700 million according to Casino. This gap abyssal puzzles many observers. "Most analysts believe that the participation of Galeries Lafayette is 1.1 to 1.2 billion euros", says one expert dossier.

The two shareholders have adopted diametrically opposed calculation bases. The Galeries Lafayette is part of the business plan for three years conducted in the fall through the management Monoprix, which provides a 40% increase in EBITDA (EBITDA) of society. Casino side, it is estimated that this plan can be the basis for an assessment and it is emphasized that the Ebitda Monoprix stagnant since 2008, a sharp increase in the coming years is not credible. With McKinsey, Casino has worked on more conservative assumptions.

"Violation of agreements"

These persistent differences complicate the work of JPMorgan, the bank chosen for the tie. According to the Galeries Lafayette, Casino would like the bank is working solely on the basis of the McKinsey report. That refutes the group St Etienne, where it is said that the Galeries Lafayette want to limit access to the leaders of JPMorgan Monoprix. Conservative, the bank does not seem ready to make its own forecasts on the evolution of the activity of Monoprix no fax payday loans.

Pointing to Pessimism, McKinsey, Philippe Houze, also president of Monoprix, Casino accused of "not believing in the future" of the sign. Reaction was seen as insulting. "It's as if we accuse of having raised prices to inflate the results of Monoprix," protested there be at Casino. The group "rejects these false accusations, confirms its commitment to Monoprix and reiterates its confidence in the management and employees of the company."

A spokesman for Casino also ensures that the decision of the Galeries Lafayette to extend by one year the mandate of Philippe Houze as head of Monoprix is ​​"a frontal violation of agreements." In the entourage of the group St Etienne, it ensures that the owners of the Galeries Lafayette, Monoprix very attached to, have long sought to Casino to abandon its purchase option, before changing his opinion in December, faced with its commitment to take control of the sign. "Then they considered they had an incentive to sell quickly, Monoprix likely to be challenged by the arrival of other signs in the city center and the site-private sale of its textile department," says a close case.

Casino, which publishes its results Tuesday 2011, should recall at this juncture that the partial withdrawal of its subsidiary Mercialys should bring him 800 to 900 million euros in the coming months. Funding for a possible takeover of 50% of Monoprix would be no impact on its debt. Such an operation could easily be done in parallel with the takeover of Pao de Acucar, the Brazilian subsidiary of Casino, on 22 June. The group will then only pay $ 10 million. Finally, if the status quo were to continue on the control of Monoprix, unable to consolidate this subsidiary in Casino's accounts in 2013 "would have only a limited impact on operating profit of the group and would not change the net minority interests, "argues an expert in Casino.

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There is one who has been lucky. Mining giant Rio Tinto said it had discovered a pink diamond of 12.76 carats in a mine in Western Australia. This is, to date, the largest diamond discovered in the country. "A diamond of this size is unprecedented, says Josephine Johnson, Manager of Argyle Pink Diamonds division. It took 26 years of operation to retrieve the stone and it is possible that we find in no other like this. "

The valuable discovery was named Argyle Pink Jubilee in reference to the name of the mine (Argyle) and the sixty-year reign, says, "Diamond Jubilee", which is celebrating Queen Elizabeth II.

Next step: cut and polish the stone, a delicate task that should take ten days. How Richard Kim Kam, in charge of the operation, already trembling, "I'll take care of it. I know that the world will look. "The diamond is then evaluated by a team of international experts and exposed before being sold.

Pink, more valued than white

Rio Tinto is kept for the moment any estimate on the price of wonder, but said in a statement that the high quality pink diamonds could exceed $ 1 million per carat. More than $ 10 million (7.6 million) for it.

It must be said that the diamond market is resisting rather well and that it is a pink diamond, which can be up to ten times more valued than white. In November 2010, a 24.78 carat diamond Pink has been awarded to more than $ 46 million. An unprecedented amount for a diamond and jewelry and is far ahead the previous record of $ 10 million for another pink diamond.  

Nearly 90% of pink diamonds discovered in the world come from the Argyle mine in the Kimberley region, says Rio Tinto. Stones the size of Argyle Pink Jubilee usually go to museums, the royal family or are auctioned in houses like Christie's. The latter has in fact sold only 18 pink diamonds over 10 carats in its 244 year history, said Rio Tinto.

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Nicolas Sarkozy counting on the G20 in Cannes to shape its international image to six months of the presidential elections. It has been used beyond its expectations. This is not one but two summits taking place in parallel, for 48 hours on the Croisette.

The first official meets leaders of the twenty richest countries in the world. The second, far more dramatic, is between two doors off the record: it brings together the countries of the euro area G20, joined by the bosses of the EU executive, Jose Manuel Barroso and Herman Van Rompuy fast cash.

This crisis summit took place in two stages. A first in the morning, followed by a second, which began Thursday night in the presence of U.S. President Barack Obama.

Euro countries, including France and Germany, rejected the Euro Summit in Brussels originally scheduled for October 18 to October 23. This is to give a little more time to the development of the answer "global" announced this weekend in Berlin by Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel. "This new date will allow us to finalize a comprehensive strategy for the debt crisis in the euro area," said Herman Van Rompuy, the President of the European Union.

'Global response'

In Berlin, Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel had foreshadowed the shift by promising "sustainable solutions, comprehensive and fast before the end of the month."They also kept to define the contours, which allows to believe that the agreement is to be locked at seventeen if not two, on the key points: the recapitalization of banks and the role of the European stabilization financial, finding economically viable treatment for Greece and modification of European treaties in order to strengthen collective discipline pay day loan lenders.

Europeans to revise their copy, just three months after concocted, July 21, a plan intended to resolve the crisis in Greece and curb its spread to Italy or Spain. It has not yet been adopted by all Seventeen. The vote of Slovakia, with a coalition divided on the subject may become paralyzing veto and the euro area.

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