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The U.S. stock markets end in green on Wednesday and confirmed the rebound. After sitting down sharply Tuesday, the Dow Jones gained 0.45% to close at 10,387 points, the Standard & Poor's 500 is 0.64% to 1099 points while the Nasdaq 100 climbed 0.91% at 2229 points .

The markets showed no signs of concern despite the findings of the Fed's Beige Book. The U.S. central bank sees a "profusion of signs of an economic downturn, but investors had already assimilated the information.

The markets were also reassured by the success of the double issue of Portugal announced today.The country has raised 1.039 billion euros in government bonds at 3 and 11 years, but at higher rates than in previous similar operations. "It is a success insofar as the state has succeeded in placing the debt and that there was demand, "said Filipe Silva told AFP bond strategist at Banco Carregosa. This comforts the markets closed on the health of European banks.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro penalized yesterday by concerns over the European banking sector recovered himself.Having lost 1.46% Tuesday, the euro climbed to 1.2720 dollars around 15.30.

Also note in the current macroeconomic, China has again rejected any foreign pressure on Tuesday the exchange rate of its currency, the yuan, while reaffirming the need to maintain good relations with the United States to During the visit to Beijing two senior White House officials.

ZymoGenetics gains more than 80%

On the side of values, while Sanofi-Aventis continues to woo Genzyme (-0.32% to 70.78 dollars), the U.S. laboratory Bristol-Myers Squibb (0.60% to 26.77 dollars) has agreed to buy another American biotech, ZymoGenetics (84.15% to 9.75 dollars) for 885 million dollars.

After its disappointing second quarter, including Its Defence, Boeing (1.75% to 64.53 dollars) announced the reorganization of its military aviation activities.The number of divisions from six to four, with a consequent 10% reduction in the number of posts.

Today on Wall Street banking is likely to remain under pressure. The feeling of increased bank risk has also been fueled by the meeting yesterday, the Basel Committee, responsible for setting new solvency rules for banks. However, after this meeting, the committee has maintained the suspense in not distributing a press release. It will do that Sunday. In the morning, a Wall Street Journal had rekindled doubts doubt on the reliability stress tests on European banks, whose results were published at the end of July. Battered yesterday, the bank found the way to increase the image of JP Morgan (2.17%), Bank of America (1.06%) or Goldman Sachs (1.51%).

All hands to fight on the front of internet tablets. The Apple iPad, with more than 3 million copies sold in three months, is envious. For telecom groups, the return is that the cons-attack. And Orange is already in line. According to Les Echos, the telecoms operator feeds a very ambitious project at the beginning of school year: to "democratize" the market shelves.

How? With the launch by the end of the year signed a tablet Orange, whose price should be less exposed to 250 euros. This tablet 3G, equipped with the Android operating system from Google, would be manufactured by a "large Asian manufacturer," according to Les Echos.

The newspaper said that the tablet packages are bound to always study, but they would probably be closer to those keys that the 3G model chosen for the iPad.That is to say in the form of subscriptions with over-flow, rather than charging by the day, the volume of data. With a subscription package, the price of the tablet and Orange could fall under 100 euros, according to Les Echos. In comparison, the 3G model iPad the cheapest sells 599 euros.

"Several projects under consideration"

Reacting to this information, Orange said that "on the shelves, several projects are under consideration, particularly in France." The group also recalled that Stéphane Richard, its chief executive, had already said that Orange "would develop in the tablets by commercializing iPad". He had met the boss of Apple, Steve Jobs, last May.

For Orange, "sign is a way to regain control against the manufacturers," says the business daily. Because the foolishness of the shelf is only beginning.

Harvest new tablets

Even before the launch of the iPad last April, some blue chips have already announced their intention of cutting cruppers to Apple, including HP, Sony or Asus. By Christmas, a new crop of magic slates is expected. After HTC, Samsung, Motorola and Sony Ericsson, LG and Toshiba will launch their own shelves, also equipped with the system Android. Other players will join the fray in 2011, as Acer.

To win in this new balance of power, Orange must do better than the first time. Indeed, the operator has already attempted a breakthrough on the market shelves, there are more than a year, by launching a small portable screen and multifunction: the Tabbee. A product that has not really taken off.

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New twist in the drama of the French ship Financial. As stated Wansquare, Saade family, owner of CMA CGM, has initiated discussions with the Belgian billionaire through its capital increase required by the creditors of the group. These negotiations were still preliminary notified to the Commercial Court of Marseille. Brother Albert is not alone. He would lead the discussions in partnership with another French investor.

In this tandem plus the Strategic Investment Fund (ISF) has always said he would participate in this capital increase valued at approximately $ 750 million. Qatar Holdings, which in turn has made an offer earlier this month, would not be totally ruled out by Saade.

For Goldman Sachs, which published its investigation on Friday morning, ten of the 91 tested banks will fail. That is to say it does not retain a sufficient level of equity in the event of deteriorating economic conditions.

The success rate would be 89%. According to the study of the American bank, the banks are based in Spain, Germany and Greece, which should raise the more capital, adding that the source of these funds should be half public and half private.

The newspaper El Pais reported in its edition today that part of the 18 Spanish savings banks failed the test of resistance.To believe the consensus reached by Reuters, in Spain, only seven banks have passed the exam, including the largest as Banco Santander, BBVA, Banco Popular, and the "Cajas".

That success expected for French banks

In France, banks found – BNP Paribas, Societe Generale, Credit Agricole and BPCE (Natixis) – should all pass. The analysts and Christine Lagarde have confidence.

Full house expected also for the United Kingdom, examined on HSBC, Barclays, Royal Bank of Scotland and Lloyds Banking Group. In Ireland, Bank of Ireland and Allied Arish Banks also would reach to get good results.Same as in Italy, with Intesa Sanpaolo, UniCredit and Banco Popolare including headlining.

In Germany, a handful of banks should be in a situation of failure, particularly those that are undergoing restructuring.

Failure: it will recapitalize

According to Goldman Sachs, European banks should raise an average total of 37.6 billion euros in fresh capital as a result of these stress tests, whose results are expected Friday at 6:00 p.m., after the close of European stock markets but in full session on Wall Street.

In search of capital, these banks 'risk' may first explore to their shareholders or to appeal to financial markets no fax payday advance. If this is not enough, she can turn to state aid at the national level.Finally, as a last resort, they can "take advantage" of the famous European support plan put in place at the European Union and the International Monetary Fund.

Confidence in the results, distrust Performances

With a success rate approaching that expected of the baccalaureate, the question is what will truly value the conclusions of these stress tests. Experts warn that it would be better to consider the assumptions made when simulating a situation worsened.

"The information currently circulating in banks suggest that the stress test favors disclosure of a satisfactory result compared to a real and solid technical verification," says Pierre-Antoine Dusoulier in a forum.

These data suggest that in fact the test cases would be fairly "light" in particular in the field of defaults on sovereign debt. Assumptions of the macroeconomic developments would also be applied "without knowing it for the moment the link established by the test between GDP growth, unemployment and inflation."

In addition, past forecasts on macroeconomic parameters were simply struck by the actual conditions. In spring 2008, the European Commission expected a growth of 1.7% in 2008 and 1.5% in 2009 for the euro area. Real growth was 0.45% in 2008 and -4.1% in 2009.

Pass the exam stress test is a bit like having your bachelor's degree with an overall average just over 10/20. This is not the best conditions for its future.

The parliamentary battle begins. The proposed pension reform concocted by the government will be examined, starting today, for three days by the Social Affairs Committee of the National Assembly. An important step, because it is the text version of the outcomes of these discussions will then be discussed in plenary session from September. However, given the still ongoing negotiations between the government and social partners, members of the majority will ensure the least possible to amend the bill.Objective: To give the government leeway in August and especially September, after the union mobilization of 7 to make concessions on the subject of harsh, assets who started working before age 18, or even polypensionnés as had already suggested Nicolas Sarkozy.

If 400 amendments have already been filed, most are from the opposition, and have very little chance of being passed. Even on the 80 from the UMP, only thirty probablelement be adopted, for instance on strengthening retirement savings. This strategy, as well as the refusal of the chairman of the committee, Pierre Mehaignerie, opening the debates to the public, provoke the ire of the opposition and unions, who believe that the three-day review that will not result 'in a mock debate.

Renunciation of certain amendments

Even some members of the majority, the coming days will gnaw their brakes. According to the rapporteur of the bill UMP, Denis Jacquat, the majority party will waive provide an automatic carry the legal age of retirement from 2018, so as not to inflame the debate, "It's a good question but it is probably not yet time to respond, "Denis Jacquet justified in Les Echos.

In an interview with the Tribune, Pierre Mehaignerie believes however that such amendment would in any case had no chance of being adopted. "I think the majority within the UMP and the New Center is not conducive to the filing of such amendment. It is very difficult to predict long-term parameters such as growth, productivity, determining the resources of pension schemes, "he says.According to Les Echos, Pierre Mehaignerie would otherwise also agreed not to make provision on the establishment of a fund financing the arduous, yet he advocates.

Despite the debate to proceed in camera, Pierre Mehaignerie chose to hold press conferences after each session in order to silence the controversy about the stifling of debate. At least one opportunity for the PS to hear his voice.

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Industrial projects of Renault in Russia are becoming clear. In cooperation with its Japanese subsidiary Nissan, the automaker in diamond should invest 300 million euros in the construction of a plant of national carmaker Avtovaz, which holds 25% stake. The goal: to produce three new small car from 2012.

This information has been reported by the Japanese business daily Nikkei, citing the chairman of Avtovaz, Igor Komarov. The total investment on the site amount to 400 million euros, Renault and Nissan, taking on two of them three quarters.

The models will then be marketed by each group its name, from 2012 or 2013 will come out every year with assembly lines, 150,000 Renault, Nissan 75,000 and 75,000 vehicles Avtovaz Lada brand.One way for the firm of Togliatti (980 kilometers southeast of Moscow) to benefit from technologies developed by the Franco-Japanese. Last March, the three partners had already announced the creation of a new common structure to increase the use of parts produced in Russia and improve the quality of suppliers.

Restructured, Avtovaz returned to the green

This announcement follows the presentation on Thursday, the financial restructuring plan Avtovaz, which plans from Renault investment of 240 million euros in the enterprise technology and materials no fax cash advance. In return for this, and in accordance with his wishes, the French manufacturer keeps intact its stake in the Russian manufacturer, while the conglomerate state Rosstechnology increases his (29%).In contrast, the investment bank Troika Dialog sees its participation diluted. The cards will be reshuffled in 2012. Like all builders in the country, Avtovaz has benefited greatly from program scrapping set last March by the Russian government, which has also planned to extend it.

At the price of a heavy restructuring, the group that there is less than a year, was on the brink of the abyss, even recorded a profit of 1 billion rubles in the second quarter (25 million euros). Nevertheless, the models produced by Avtovaz, including the famous Lada, are far from holding the rope against the European competitors, even if the manufacturer holds 30% of Russian market. "He does not let the success of the plan of scrapping done overshadow our true goal: to modernize the company, recently recalled the Prime Minister, Vladimir Putin the President of Avtovaz, Igor Komarov.Under the watchful eye of the Kremlin, the objective of the three manufacturers, Renault, Nissan and Avtovaz, is taking 40% of Russian market in 2015.

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As usual, Alcoa starts the ball results in the United States. And the least we can say is that it starts well. For the second quarter, the U.S. producer Alcoa aluminum in the green came back in the second quarter, with net income of $ 136 million, against a loss of $ 454 million a year earlier, and praised the "prospects excellent.

The turnover reached 5.187 billion dollars, well above the 5.02 billion forecast underlying the market.

Consumption of aluminum prospects up

"The growth of our revenues and our earnings due to higher volumes of end markets and gains from our productivity program," said CEO Klaus Kleinfeld said in a statement issued after-hours trade .He added: "The outlook for Alcoa and the aluminum are excellent.

The group also said it had received during the period April to June, in addition to higher volumes and productivity improvements, favorable currency effects and a reduction of energy costs, which more than offset a slight reduction in selling prices.

"Given this improvement in final demand, we are raising our projection of consumption of aluminum 10 to 12% this year" in the world, "he concluded.

At the New York Stock Exchange, Alcoa has lost the action Monday at the close 0.64% to 10.87 dollars in a market up 0.18%.

This was both a first and a dress rehearsal. In six years of Socialist government, the unions had never called for a national strike in Spain José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. But since the mobilization of officials Tuesday, the divorce between the executive and the two largest trade unions – Comisiones Obreras (CCOO) and CGU – is officially consummated.

Pressed by their bases, the unions had no choice but to break with Zapatero. That, of course, the single most dramatic deficit reduction plan that set fire to the powder: falling wages in the public service, 5% on average in the month of June, arouses indignation public employees. But the unions' own admission, is the absence of any consultation that infuriates most."We do not even ask for the withdrawal of the measure," says Julio Lacuerda, the Secretary General of the Federation of utilities UGT. The unions are aware that these decisions will be implemented. The austerity plan is required by markets, the European Union and … by the United States, including the president himself, Barack Obama, called Zapatero Payday advance low fee.

A war of figures

Therefore, the event serves as a test of officials for each game. The first testing their strength before calling, "if necessary", a general strike. The executive, for its part, gauge the discontent before announcing new measures unpopular. First, the reform of the labor market, to be unveiled June 16 Meanwhile, everyone engaged in a war of numbers.For unions, 75% of staff were on strike Tuesday. The government says they were only 11%.

Above all, workers' representatives refuse to be the only ones to pay. "Why do we keep our troops in Afghanistan? Why do we continue to offer 900 million euros in tax subsidies to the Catholic Church? "Interrogates Julio Lacuerda. While Zapatero announced the creation of a new tax on the rich and inspired by the French TFR. But according to his own statements, "99.99%" of the Spaniards should escape.

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Paris does it include more shops soon open on Sundays? The Paris council will debate Monday a potential expansion of trade in the capital Sunday. The mayor of Paris Bertrand Delanoe is however already strongly opposed to such a scheme.

If the proponents of the law on Sunday working wish thereby enable businesses to increase their turnover, Bertrand Delanoe, who has appointed a group of elected officials from all sides Parisian floor several months on the question, do not hear it that way. "There is neither need nor necessity or emergency, or a shared desire for such an extension, in essence considers the mayor of Paris, which the Constitutional Council in August 2009 gave the opportunity to rule, like all other mayors on this issue.

Criminalization of local business

No economic utility, first.If the opening of shops for tourists is indeed likely, as the mayor of Paris, to generate additional profit, opening their destination of Parisians could produce a windfall, which will penalize businesses not open . But seven tourist areas already enjoy an exemption allowing them to open on Sundays. A figure well enough for the mayor of Paris, who feared penalize shops.

"Most major retailers have an interest in the Sunday opening, but on the side of all shops and facilities nearby, it is fear which prevails, says Jacques Bravo, mayor of the 9th arrondissement. "If you open Sunday we will be forced to follow and if we follow, we run the risk of dying," they proclaim in substance.

Working conditions deteriorated

An analysis which added two concerns on the part of the City Hall of Paris: the deteriorating working conditions of employees, mostly women, working in the sector, and of promoting a model of society based on consumption only. Bertrand Delanoë should not give the green light Monday to the extension of Sunday trading.

Even the perimeter comprising Boulevard Haussmann, Galeries Lafayette and Printemps, should not be eligible for an exemption. Even as the opening of these stores, very attractive to tourists would have had conceded the mayor of Paris, economic relevance. This should give way to the chagrin of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Paris and the department stores, including the desire to grant to residents of the 9th arrondissement a period of serenity one day a week.

Tough week ahead for Air France. On Wednesday, the group should announce operating losses of around EUR 1.3 billion for its fiscal year ended March 2010. They will be close, historical, 1993. Since then, Air France has tripled its turnover.

If the amount of such losses is already known (the company has prepared the public mind when it announced its latest quarterly results), their decomposition is less.

For more than 600 million euros, the losses are related to the impact of fuel hedges, the advance purchase of oil at a given price from banks.

According to our information, the management of Air France declined to comment, cargo activity has on his side lost 499 million euros, of which 50 million are attributable to the subsidiary Martinair.These figures indicate that if the passenger activity has been shaken by the crisis, especially the cargo, which penalized the company.

Cargo activity came first in the crisis with volume declines in mid-2008. "They have suffered from the downturn in April 2008, six months before the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, said a government source. At the group's executive committee, it was decided not to increase capacity by cargo aircraft for the winter. "

Air France-KLM Cargo has gone through severe turbulence, with a decline in volumes of 22% from last year. The Asian market, driven by imports of consumer goods, has experienced the biggest drop.The United States, more towards capital goods, have them ground earlier but in lower proportions.

Reduced capacity

At the same time, the company has drastically reduced the wing. 700 departures in two years have not been replaced at Air France-KLM Cargo. The adjustment of staff accompanied a decline in cargo capacity. In September, the company launched the adjustment freighter (CAP). Objective: To reduce capacity, concentrating freight traffic on the bunkers at the expense of cargo planes dedicated to freight alone, and be beneficial to the end of the year 2011-2012. In this context, Air France has got rid of two brand new Boeing 777s it has sold to FedEx before they are delivered at Paris this winter.

These aircraft, offered 250 million euros each at list prices and traded 150 million euros, were sold at the same price.The transaction still cost 30 to 50 million euros in Air France, which had to pay storage costs for the aircraft at Boeing and significant financial costs.

The company also leases two Boeing 747 Russian Air Bridge. "They were bought at a time when the dollar was high, said an analyst. It was more interesting for Air France to rent and sell them in five years. "Since then the two aircraft were flying under the colors of Air Bridge. They just make the transport of missiles between Russia and Chateauroux.

This decrease of 16.2% of capacity has led to a dramatic reduction in costs of 19%. Florence Parly, the owner of the cargo, has managed to reduce the unit costs of 2.4% per tonne km (RTK).The rigor of the former Secretary of State Budget worries the unions of Air France, who believe it will prevent the rebound in activity after the crisis.

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