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Hard times for the 380. After the case of microcracks detected in the wing of the superjumbo, Airbus will he deplore a new problem, this time in the "nose" of the device? The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is interested in any case the rivets of radom, that is to say the cover that protects the radar of the aircraft.

The authority may decide to issue in the coming weeks an airworthiness directive (AD) requiring the change of six rivets aluminum rivets titanium stronger. The 19 airlines that operate the world's fleet of 69 A380, eight months have to do this for an average of 3:30. Clearly, they would have time to schedule it as part of their regular maintenance schedule.

After the decision to order the Efsa a general inspection of the planes of A 380 in service and production, totaling one hundred aircraft, the image of the A380 takes another blow. However, this type of airworthiness directive is very common in aviation. All aircraft receive throughout their careers.

Two types of directives

"The FAA, U.S. aviation safety authority, has issued more than 830 airworthiness directives for Boeing B 747 in forty years," says one at Airbus headquarters in Toulouse. "For an airplane, receiving such a directive is as ordinary as to think about changing the wiper blades on your car or an oil change," says one.

The Aesa issues two types of directives: the current, AD, and urgent, called "emergency AD." In the case of microcracks, the two directives were common. The agency goes up a notch when it considers that the subject can affect flight safety. In this case, companies have little time to react, sometimes not even 24 hours.

In the case of rivets, flight safety is affected in any part, Airbus insists. The manufacturer points out that these are not structural elements. Six rivets 40 to 50 by radom "are not likely to blow up" the unit cover.

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"Cracks: the second wave inspection begins

A380

"Airbus A 380 will control the 21 affected by cracks

This is a recurring complaint of local elected officials: the proliferation of standards on the environment, urban planning, accessibility of the disabled, or food in school canteens, leaden local finances. The bill would be about 600 million euros a year, according to the advisory panel for assessment of standards (NECC). The moratorium on standards established by the government since July 2010 has been ineffective, he had to find new weapons. Among them is the proposed law (PPL) of UMP senator Eric Doligé, a proposal that was discussed Wednesday in the Senate. The text can not pass the Assembly before the legislative elections of June 2012. But at the very least, the process is launched.

The main idea of ​​the PPL is that standards may vary depending on community size. "It is absurd that the buildings of kindergartens in Paris, located on several floors in a building, have the same standards as local nursery in a small town, which are on one level," says Eric Doligé. The text also proposes to address the 400,000 current standards. The NECC would consider this stock, including devices older than five years and propose simplifications or deletions. The government would be required to indicate, within six months, the follow-up.

Step

The PPL also creates an instance of mediation departmental standards and simplifies certain procedures, particularly in the field of urban planning.

For Eric Doligé, this text is a first step. Once the elections are over, the senator wants to put on the table the 2005 law on disability law that forced utilities to make all buildings accessible to disabled people in 2015. "The cost of work – 17 billion – is too high to communities," said Eric Doligé.

His solution? Make the service, not local, necessarily accessible. "The employee asked the public service would come down on the ground floor to meet the disabled person. City Hall would no longer need to install a lift or other special equipment, "says the senator. Still, this subject is highly sensitive, both politically and humanly. Another idea, often mentioned, would increase the powers of the NEAC, to give this advisory body veto power. Gilles Carrez, Rapporteur UMP budget to the Assembly, is favorable.

The NECC could finally block orders it considers absurd. Such as the recent decree stipulating that social and medico-social will offer four to five dishes for each lunch or dinner to their residents, dishes that need to be tailored to their tastes and habits!

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Six applications studied, including two in the presence of the insured. As now regularly in each region, a commission composed of doctors and administration members met Thursday at Rennes, to review applications for "retirement hardship" from persons with a disability rating of 10 professional and 20% following an accident. The examination of each case lasted five to ten minutes.

First case: a nurse, since a car accident in 1993, has a disability rating of 12%. "The changes in schedules and staggered hours are hard to live, pleaded Mrs. C. before the six members of the commission. With the broken pelvis and legs that I had, car travel and care that I practice with dependents are painful. "The question is whether the sequelae to the accident could have been caused by an occupational disease caused through exposure for seventeen years to occupational hazards (heavy lifting, alternating schedules, handling chemicals, extreme temperatures …). "The answer is yes," has in this case ruled that the commission has approved the retirement at 60 years of Mrs. C.

Sleeping pills to sleep

"This is the absurdity of the law, recognizes a member. Two employees who had the same exposure to the same risks will not have the same rights as that one had an accident and the other not. "Besides, to be validated, the effects must be included a "list" of occupational diseases published by decree. A list that does not include … including amputation of fingers and led to "reject administratively" number of requests. "If the finger got caught, it's happening is in the list," quips a medical officer. "It would sew the finger," says Gerard Riviere, President FO Board of CNAV.

Another issue: a maintenance worker in a factory producing poultry meat that has had two accidents left him with "sequels in the left shoulder with residual pain" and a disability rating of 18%. "The hardest work is the 3 × 8, explained MD I started this morning at 4:00 am and afternoon next week. I take sleeping pills to sleep and am embarrassed when I have to intervene in height. "In his case, he also indicated to be exposed to chemical agents. "He has been confronted with all its risks, has recognized a member of the Committee in view of his career profile. He complains primarily of night work but it's exposure to all other risk factors that calls for him. "This opinion.

Released in early 2010, a year and a half of recession caused by the bursting of the housing bubble, Spain could plunge into the red. Supported by the only engine of exports and tourism, the economy will suffer from the international slowdown. And domestic demand – consumption and investment – remains stalled, weighed down by record unemployment. Economists forecast a decline in activity over the next two quarters. For the full 2012, Natixis expects an increase of GDP, limited to 0.2%, even more severe, Bank of America Merrill Lynch expects a fall of 0.7%. Two days before the election, the government had to accept lower growth for 2011 at 0.8% against 1.3%, less than half that expected by Brussels in the euro area.

Occupation: the red lantern of Europe

This is the black point of the Spanish economy guaranteed online payday loans.Toxic assets that are concentrated in the "cajas" (savings banks).

Increased risk for public finances

Spain has embarked on the path of fiscal consolidation since 2009. The great austerity plan dating back to May 2010 combining lower wages of civil servants, cuts in social spending, increase tax and pension reform. After a budget deficit rising to 11.2% of GDP in 2009, the stated objective is to reduce it to 6% this year. It is not clear as far as Madrid to keep, given the downward revision of growth. On the front of the public debt, Madrid pre-crisis low, 40% of GDP. It has since risen sharply, it should peak around 72% in 2013 before declining.

The U.S. stock markets have opened up slightly on Thursday. The Dow Jones ceded piointse 11495 0.08% and the Nasdaq 0.26% to 2597 points. The session should be again marked by rumors coming negotiations between the Europeans. This uncertainty should urge caution, especially as the latest results of companies from the United States are often disappointing and does not encourage optimism. Yesterday, Wall Street took a break.

Investors are in effect suspended the decisions that should be taken after the EU summit to be held this Sunday. Before this appointment crucial for the future of the euro area, policy-makers of the Old Continent has already promised that a solution to the crisis would be found.

Meanwhile, last minute negotiations are increasing.According to Reuters, citing a paper, "e European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF), will be able to buy bonds on the secondary market" if the countries in the euro area concerned so requests and obtain agreement European authorities.

Following the publication of this document, the euro hit a session high of 1.3838 against the dollar, the European stock markets have erased much of their losses and future on the major indexes on Wall Street resumed a little high. Expanding the powers of the EFSF and increasing its firepower at the heart of the plan for resolving the debt crisis in the euro area. The European Council of Sunday should be an opportunity to specify the details of how the EFSF will be used.

Wednesday, Nicolas Sarkozy traveled to Frankfurt to urgently resolve differences directly with France and Germany Angela Merkel.No information was available for this meeting. The Wall Street Journal, the discussions would focus on the possibility of allowing the EFSF to provide collateral to support bonds issued by countries in need rather than use it to provide direct guarantees.

The Beige Book calls for caution

On Wall Street, the report of conditions in the U.S. central bank (Beige Book) yesterday also a moment of caution.The information gathered by the regional branches of the Fed indicate that overall economic activity rose slightly in September but they also point out that corporate earnings have not improved payday advance.

Finally Moody's said Wednesday night that lowered the rating by one notch from five major Spanish banks, following its decision to degrade the sovereign rating of that country.

Chapter macroeconomic across the Atlantic, weekly claims for unemployment benefits will be published 16 hours as well as sales of existing homes in September and the composite indicator of the economy.Activity in the Philadelphia area in October, which often appears an early indication of economic conditions in the United States, will also be unveiled in 16 hours.

New salvo of results

A Wall Street investors dissect a new salvo of results.

After the close of Wall Street, American Express has released the third quarter earnings of $ 1.24 billion, a net income per share of $ 1.03 against $ 0.96 expected and $ 0.9 year past. The turnover stood at 7.57 billion dollars, according to estimates.

Ebay announced a profit of $ 491 million, or 37 cents a share in the third quarter, in line with expectations.The turnover amounted to 2.97 billion dollars against 2.91 billion expected.

Edwards Lifesciences has recorded a net profit of $ 51.6 million in the third quarter, against 48 million a year earlier.

Noble Corporation saw its net income nearly tripled in the third quarter to $ 135 million against 54 million last quarter.

Stryker has done for the third quarter, a turnover of $ 2 billion, up 14.9%, and earnings per share of $ 0.91, up 13.8%.

Wynn Resorts has achieved a net sales in the third quarter of $ 1.3 billion, against $ 1 billion last year.Adjusted net income totaled $ 133 million or $ 1.05 per share, against 49 million or $ 0.39 a year earlier.

On Thursday, Philip Morris International will release its figures before the opening of Wall Street and Microsoft after closing.

Fitch Ratings lowered the rating two notches from Spain, which now stands at "AA-". Spain held so far a "AA +", the fourth highest on a scale of twenty. More worryingly, the note is accompanied by a 'Negative' outlook, which means that the agency could lower it back to medium term.

Spanish growth at half mast

Moody's in turn should decide by the end of October on a possible downgrade Spanish now "Aa2" (the third best possible)."With significant funding needs" of the Spanish State, to cover its budget expenditures and net external debt is "one of the highest in the world" (91% of GDP), said Fitch, "the more volatile strong a negative effect on financing conditions in the market of Spain. "

But there are also internal factors in the country "risks to fiscal consolidation as a result of performance parts." The same agency Fitch has lowered Wednesday including the long-term rating of the Basque Country, one of the richest region in which it criticizes the "weak fiscal performance." Growth forecasts have been revised downwards. Wednesday, the Bank of Spain announced that the country's growth expected to slow in the third quarter, to reach an economic activity 'lackluster'.The Spanish government has also recognized that the economic growth targets it had set for 2011 and subsequent years would be "hard to reach" because of the risk of recession in the world.

Italian governance into question

Fitch also lowered the rating one notch to Italy, "A +" against "AA-" and does not see her again in the fall if the country would miss its targets for reducing the budget deficit. Fitch was the last of three major international rating agencies have not downgraded from Italy since the beginning of the debt crisis in the eurozone. She explained that the high level of public debt and budgetary financing needs, combined with the low level of potential growth (the country), made in Italy especially vulnerable.The Agency is challenging the country's governance and stressed that the differences in the Parliament and the escapades of the prime minister Silvio Berlusconi, help to weaken the ruling coalition.

Belgium heckled by Dexia

Belgium is also in sight. The agenceMoody's said it was considering lowering its rating, currently at "Aa1", the second best possible. The agency cited three reasons: the crisis in the euro area, concerns for economic growth and the possibility of additional support to the banking system, particularly in establishing Franco-Belgian Dexia.

Another European country in turmoil, Portugal, has been confirmed its rating of "BBB-" (the last before falling into the category of "speculative") by Fitch, which continued on negative watch at least until the end of the year.Standard & Poor's, confirmed Tuesday the rating "BBB-" from Portugal, while maintaining it as a negative outlook. Portugal, the third country in the eurozone after Greece and Ireland to receive international financial assistance, is facing new economic challenges that undermine his efforts to clean up its public accounts. Progress in implementing the program of the European Union and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and its budget for 2012 will be crucial.

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Vallourec disappoints investors. In a statement on the occasion of an investor day in Brazil, the Group revises down slightly its forecast for gross operating profit (EBITDA). "Considering the cautious attitude of distributors in markets outside energy due to economic uncertainty, the EBITDA of the second half of 2011 should be at a level similar to that of the first half of 2011," said the group was counting far on a GOP "slightly higher".

Intended as reassuring, Vallourec ensures that the environment is now positive for the energy markets it supplies.It provides always an increase in production output and turnover in the second half, compared to the first, as he had indicated at the end of July release of its first half results.

Good prospects ahead

For operators of the Paris Bourse, this caution does not reassure. To 11 hours, unscrewed from the Vallourec share price 4.30% to 42.09 euros in a market down 0.40%. Time reserved for the decline, the title was back in the fall of scoring more than 8% in early trade. "This is another disappointment confirming our negative scenario for action in the short term," said one trader faxless cash advance.

CM-CIC has also reduced its earnings forecast for the coming years. However, "after two years of transition in 2011 and 2012, the recovery results in 2013 will be very sensitive," the broker understands."Vallourec has shown that the evolution of its global business model will make the group more competitive and increase significantly its medium-term results."

This view is shared by the management of Vallourec, which considers that the negative impact of new projects, including the new steel mill and pipe mill in Brazil and the mill in the United States who will be commissioned in mid-2012, the Gross operation of 2012 should be reduced to about 60 to 80 million euros. The next year should also benefit from price increases implemented in 2011. The group should provide more detail on this last point when publishing its quarterly results on November 9.

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(Special Envoy to Florence)

The tax collectors, 1540, Marinus van Reymerswaele personal business card. (Florence, Museo Stibbert)

In the wake of European stock exchanges and the CAC 40, the U.S. markets aparaissent significantly in the red on Friday, amid disagreements with the ECB and debt crisis. At the close, the Nasdaq and Standard & Poors'500 100 respectively lost 2.67% to 1154.23 points and 2467.99 points to 2.42%. As for Dow Jones, falling 2.69% to 10,992.13 points. This is the biggest drop in Wall Street during the past three weeks.

Markets such as increased losses when Jürgen Stark, member of the Executive Board of the ECB, announced his resignation for "personal reasons", the statement of the institution. The chief economist of the institution has repeatedly expressed his opposition in recent weeks to buyback of government bonds led the ECB to ease the most fragile countries in the euro area.To this must be added the increasing fears of a major failure of Greece that have undermined investor sentiment. "The markets are falling heavily as the big concern is about the crisis of sovereign debt in Europe, especially in Greece," summarized Peter Cardillo, Rockwell Global Capital.

According to analysts, the drop is also due Friday the threat of attack ten years to the day after the attacks against the twin towers of World Trade Center. Washington said Friday morning that al Qaeda was behind the threat of attack "specific, credible but unconfirmed."

In addition, markets have shown little convinced by the stimulus of employment presented by Barack Obama on the eve of 447 billion.Operators are skeptical that the U.S. president to implement his program because of opposition from his Republican opponents that could block the vote.

Expectations related to the G7 Finance

To this must be added the words of Christine Lagarde, Executive Director of the IMF, stressed the urgent need for additional capital banks.So far, investors have also expressed no confidence in the discussions of the G7 finance that opened Friday in London to try to find an answer to the crisis.

Another item, from China, was not enough to appease both sides of the Atlantic: Inflation has indeed slowed in China in August, which removes the fear that Beijing tighten monetary policy .

On the macroeconomic front, wholesale inventories reached a record high in July, rising 0.8% to 462.4 billion dollars, an unprecedented amount, in line with market expectations.

As for the euro, it is at present weighed down by concerns about increasing the economic health of the euro area and the global economic recovery. At the close of the New York Stock Exchange, the European currency fell to 1.3658 dollar (-1.63%), its lowest level since Feb. 23.For its part, the oil has finished on a decline, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for October delivery ended at 87.24 dollars, down 1.81 dollars compared to the previous day.

Threats to jobs at Bank of America

On the corporate side, no major publication was in sight Friday.

The job cuts planned by the management of Bank of America (-3.05% to 6.980 dollars) as part of its restructuring plan could affect 40,000 people, said Friday the Wall Street Journal Online, citing sources familiar with the . The group identified on 30 June nearly 288,000 employees. So far, estimates of job losses were around 30,000, while many banks worldwide have announced significant staff reductions.These reductions would occur as part of an extensive research program savings called "Project LAC", the acronym by which exchanged the title of the institution to the New York Stock Exchange.

Texas Instruments (1.08% to 26.08 dollars) remains small increase, after a warning issued Thursday night on its third quarter results, citing a decline in demand for semiconductors. IT had already warned in July that the current quarter would be modest. The group emphasized that this time the request had deteriorated to "a wide range of products, markets." The manufacturer of components that go particularly in the manufacture of mobile phones and automotive electronics, said now anticipate earnings per share between 56 cents and 60 against a previous range stretching from 55 to 65 cents.

Crisis forces, maintaining half past two in Beijing Thursday at the Palace of the people, between Nicolas Sarkozy and his Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao has largely focused on economic issues. The objective of this whirlwind tour of the Pacific route to the French president, was to reassure the second largest economy in the world and world's leading investor in the resilience of Europe to the crisis of sovereign debt. "Hu is not worried about the situation in the euro area", despite the runaway budget deficits, said the head of the French state at the end of a working dinner. "He told us he had confidence in the euro (…)." "We are confident that Europe has the wisdom and ability to overcome current difficulties and maintain economic growth and stability.China will continue to make Europe a major investment markets, "for his part, Hu said.

In recent months, Beijing – which has 3,000 billion of reserves – was a major purchaser of European debt, particularly Greece, Portugal and Spain.

Identity of views

The visit was also an opportunity for Nicolas Sarkozy to reaffirm the importance of partnership with China, a few weeks G20 Cannes, chaired by France. Stressing "great convergence of views" between the two countries "on the assessment of the international situation," the Head of State stressed the importance of this summit, which is involved in the revival of global growth."This is a major issue and China has a key role," he said, accompanied by Minister of Finance, Baroin, came specifically to prepare the November summit.

For his part, Hu Jintao spoke of "great importance" to strengthen the dialogue between France and China "to the success of the summit in Cannes, for strengthening international economic cooperation and for the recovery and healthy development of economy ".

The two leaders also discussed the thorny question of the convertibility of the yuan.A subject on which Paris and Beijing "want to move forward," said Nicolas Sarkozy, but "without haste".

Finally, on Libya – Beijing was opposed to strikes from the coalition – the Chinese president said he "kindly analyze" the invitation of France to attend a conference of "Friends of Libya" that wishes organize the French president in Paris on 1 September.