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And three! According to statistics of job seekers registered at employment center in March, the number of unemployed in group A (did not work that month) declined for the third consecutive month. He even declined significantly: 21,100. Or reflux of 0.8% monthly, the largest since the crisis began bringing to 42,200 the decline in unemployment in a quarter. Another positive sign has to go back to the first quarter of 2008 to find the last virtuous cycle of three consecutive months of decline.

"We return to the situation before the crisis, welcomes Is there Ministry of Labour. Even if we are not immune to turmoil in the months ahead, the trend is a sustained decline on 2011. " A decline that could be much higher than 55,000 by early employment center for the entire year."We will do much better," promises one even rue de Grenelle where we put forward the 500 million new contracts helped decided in March have not yet been offered to the unemployed.

The reflux of March is all the more important that, unlike in January (19,300), it is not offset by an increase in suspensions and cancellations of registration at employment center. The government does not short the risk that this reduction was accused of "statistical" by unions. The suspension of registration for failure to update and deletion of files employment center in fact increased the thickness of the line in March, when they equaled the decline at the beginning of the year. Depending on the category called reference (which focus on government policies of employment), there are now 2 guaranteed approval cash loans.68 million unemployed in France.A variation reduced to 0.7% yoy, against increases of nearly 10% last year and more than 25% in mid-2009.

Higher for applicants with reduced activity this good news, however, are tinged with gray when viewing the data including job seekers with reduced activities conducted in March. The number enrolled in classes B and C (having worked less than 78 hours or more) rose by 10,400 and 15,400, bringing the total of 4700 + registered unemployed in A, B and C. In one year, the variation of this indicator – which fell only 3 times in two years – is + 3.8% to 4.045 million. If less than 25 years and 25-49 years away are rather better in March, it is different for more than 50 years whose enrollment continues to climb. 4% over one month and 13% in one year.It is certainly far from the annual increases – nearly three times – two years ago but the problem of unemployment remains unsolved fifties.

As is that of long-term unemployed whose number swells inexorably as every month. In March, he still rose 0.4% for enrolled for more than a year employment center where the average length of unemployment now stands at 448 days. Not since June 2001, ten years ago, to find such a level.

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When the alleged espionage case was transferred to the handling villainous, Patrick Pelata, the deputy CEO of Renault, was sacrificed once to take the blame and protect his boss, Carlos Ghosn. "When the investigation is complete, we will draw all the consequences to the highest level of business is to say to me," he said in a March 4 interview with Le Figaro . Duly noted. This incredible adventure will put a stop to a stellar career that began at the manufacturer there are twenty-seven years.

For several years, Patrick Pelata, 55, has emerged as heir apparent right arm and his classmate Polytechnique in 74, Carlos Ghosn. Appointed Chief Operating Officer in October 2008, he assumed operational management of the entire company in crisis, leaving the CEO's long-term strategy.Previously, it had already become the number two official, adding his wake in the footsteps of his mentor.

Brilliant and unconventional

Grand son of farmers, the son of teachers from the Ariege, Patrick Pelata doing a brilliant classical route: preparation at Louis-le-Grand, Polytechnic, School of bridges and causeways, which he was president since 2009. Brilliant but unorthodox, the young engineer developed a passion for sociology. Postgraduate at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, he wrote a thesis on the development of Taylorism and Fordism in French factories. Communist activist, a brief on the working conditions of miners in the Pas-de-Calais earned him a week off to X, for violating the duty of reserve soldiers saving account payday loan.

At 29, the young executive at Renault. An avid robot, is foreman of the welding robots Flins.It is then in charge of the platform Twingo. When, upon redemption of Nissan, Carlos Ghosn asks about him that is ready to follow him to Tokyo, Pelata packed his bags. His expertise in industrial organization and the range of vehicles, as well as his hobby of sociology help contribute to the recovery of the Japanese manufacturer in disarray. When Ghosn took charge of Renault, he brings with him his right arm. This is one of the few members of his bodyguards at tu boss and contradict appropriate.

Since 2008, Pelata the helm, during the crisis of the automobile. It has launched a voluntary separation plan of 9000 people, handled the failures of the Laguna and Twingo 3 2 and reoriented the manufacturer to the cars of the future. Lucid, he was aware of the questioning of the status of the self in contemporary society.He acknowledged the responsibility of the industry in global warming and went all-out on electric vehicle programs, as alleged spies were supposed to have tried to hack.

When, a year ago, the government pin Renault, which plans to produce the new Clio in Turkey, the boss left Pélata defends the logic of cost reduction business. This fan of hiking and judo, father of four children, now paying an unfailing faithfulness.

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Renault could have done this possible controversy. But a few weeks after pleading guilty to wrongfully dismissed three executives accused of espionage and one year after the turmoil created by the case of the Clio – it planned to relocate to Turkey – the manufacturer must again be accountable.

The group decided to entrust the production of two new engines to its sites in Romania and Spain, he said Friday. The H4 (3 cylinders) and H5 (4 cylinders) are respectively made from 2013 on the site Dacia Pitesti, specialist low cost, and Valladolid (2012). The announcement had been made in these two countries, but Renault had kept the trumpet in France.

This decision could affect the French mechanics Douvrin in the North.The plant, owned jointly by PSA Peugeot Citroen and Renault, the engine produces D4, a less powerful 4-cylinder (60 to 80 horses, 90 horses cons for the H4 and H5 for 115 horsepower). The motor assembly D4 employs 450 people, about 3450. The downturn could cost more than 200 jobs, said the CGT. These positions will not be replaced by the manufacture of cylinder heads and camshafts for the new engines, which could employ 40 people, said the union.

In response, the group has indicated its commitment not to make any plans for layoffs or voluntary redundancy as part of its new strategic plan. But unions fear that retirement will not be replaced.

Lower volumes

"It relocates slowly, even if management tries to minimize," sighs Alain Labarre, CGT Douvrin.The group, however, rejects these accusations. "The H4 and H5 are required to take the place of older models that were almost similar already made in Turkey, Spain and Romania," said a spokesman, adding that such engines "are not competitors D4 Douvrin made. This engine, fitted to small cars like the Twingo and the Clio (as will the H4) and low-cost models, will be "produced in parallel in the coming years," because "it can offer rates aggressive. "

In late January, Philippe De Coene, director of the French mechanics, however, said that the arrival of a small 3-cylinder would "intervene in the market" of 4-cylinder engine manufactured in Douai, as mentioned by Liberation. He said the volume of the D4 engine "will tend to decline," even if "we will not stop producing it in 2013 and he did not" concern "for the job.He added that he "fought to get another engine family."

In 2010, Renault has made 29% of its engines in France, against 85% for PSA. Renault says it will carry, however 40% of its investment in France by 2013. Engine side, the group said it will produce R9M, a 130 horsepower diesel for the Megane to Cleon, Seine-Maritime. A factory will also manufacture electric motors in 2013.

While the new European standards will make diesel engines more expensive gasoline engines of new generation have a bright future ahead of them. H4 and H5 models, which will reduce CO2 emissions by 30 to 40 grams per kilometer, would represent 85% of the volume of gasoline engines for Renault in 2015.

Good news for consumers. The telecoms regulatory authority (Arcep) decided to require mobile operators to reduce the price charged for routing calls from a mobile network to another, said cost of call termination. Practical consequence, this decline should reduce future bills of consumers.

Wednesday, Arcep set the goal of reducing the cost of 14 cents per minute to 8 cents today at 1 January 2013. A reduction of 42%!

To get there, Constable Telecom requires a first down 2 cents, effective July 1, 2011, and 1 payday advance.5 cents in January 2012 and finally to 1 cent from 1 July 2012.

Since 2008, Arcep requires a steady decline in prices.This has enabled operators to launch tenders called "Abundance" with unlimited calls to certain times or to certain numbers selected by the subscriber.

This is still lower tariffs that allowed for some months to some operators to free calls from a landline to a mobile.

After the protests, Justice. The taxi drivers of Avignon do not démordent: Easy Take a low cost taxi company established in February 2010 in their city, is unfair competition. Mr. Patrick Gontard, their lawyer, asked Tuesday before the Court of Appeal of Nîmes a cessation or disqualification.

"Easy Take the taxi is in disguise. Under cover of a passenger, the company transports people to return to clubs or to go catch a train. The drivers are the marauding But they have no right, "said Mr. Gontard. For the latter, certain obligations such as vehicle type and length or the need for each driver to have a personal license issued by the prefecture are not met.

Bargain prices

The union of taxi drivers did not demonstrate the existence of competition or a common clientele, or the commission of a fault, answered Mr. Julien Scapel defender Easy Take challenging the Qualification of unfair competition. Minutes are produced by the union does not "state supported on the highway", he stresses me Scapel that "there is no evidence to show that Easy Take is engaged in illegal taxi.

"We operate through two licenses, the road transport of passengers and one passenger vehicle with driver. The problems submitted to us, which are only technical problems, concern only the second license which is only about 15% of our business, "Jean-Marc Sibade relativized, one of the founders of the company.

For example, Take Easy is not yet in possession of vehicles with the length required to comply with the decree of 6 December 2010 having raised it from 4.40 to 4.50 m. The company expects delivery of the thirty Ford Tourneo Connect that will replace its original Kango.

To offer fixed price broken races (7 euros for 7 km, 15 euros for 15 km … day and night), by reservation only and a maximum distance of 50 km, Easy Take innovated: he uses vehicles converted to passenger car with advertising on the body and head restraints. "We appeal to customers who did not take the taxi before, we are not competing but complementary," argues Jean-Marc Sibade. "Anyway, Europe has given to France until 2014 that taxis are no longer a monopoly.If not us, it will be groups that it will, "he adds.

He has every intention of taking market share before that. It should open a branch in Nimes by the end of March, then a franchise in Montpellier in May and in the wake of another agency in Cavaillon, with twenty vehicles in each city. His goal is to be present in thirty cities within five years. The paradox is that taxis have made it much publicity by demonstrating against him and that requests for exemptions have poured.

The third group of French support of dependence Medica announced Friday a global annual turnover exceeds the expectations of financial analysts. Over the whole year just ended, billings totaled 538.9 million euros, up 12.1% against a target of 10% announced by management in early . At constant scope, the growth reached 6%.

With these good results, Jacques Bailet, the CEO of the group, confirmed its commitment to grow the sales of Medica 45% over the period 2010-2012, according to announcements made in January 2010, shortly before the IPO of the company. As to increase its development in a sector undergoing consolidation, and reduce its debt level, management had decided to resort to financial markets, rising 9 February 2010 on Euronext about 275 million euros.

The group currently generates 70% of its sales in the operating of nursing homes (nursing homes), the rest of its business being conducted in support of temporary dependency (health care institutions and on psychiatry). In total, it manages approximately 13,800 beds, distributed in France and Italy, with about 3200 during construction or renovation. The reservoir bed yet unexploited thus provides part of its future growth. In total, some 170 institutions post their occupancy rates bordering 97%

A mixed stock assessment

Like the other actors listed sector (Orpea, Korian Le Noble Age ….), activity Medica therefore enjoys a high profile, reinforced by underlying trends carriers (aging population, probable introduction of a fifth branch of social security for the management of addiction …).Moreover, lack of childcare places in France ensures rapid filling of its establishments newly created or redeemed, and premium positioning allows him to go to the most creditworthy customers.

Stock market, these values are often sought by investors for their defensive nature. Yet since its introduction on the Paris market and the first listing of February 10, 2010, the title took only 10% low interest rate personal loans. And despite a jump of 8% during the first sessions. On the whole first year market, so the title has performed only moderately.

This average performance can be explained by the fact that the group has concentrated its efforts in 2010 on improving its financial situation. Heavily indebted as most of its competitors, Medica has renegotiated its bank debt last June to reduce costs and extend its maturity.This in order to meet another of its financial commitments, namely to reduce its net debt to less than three times its EBITDA operating by 2012, against about 7 times before the introduction.

Reconquest of investors?

This financial restructuring now underway, the fiscal year just starting should be for Medica, the acceleration of growth, notably through acquisitions. "Management believes the most favorable context, with one side of the targets of any size in growing numbers, and other potential players fewer" notes elsewhere Guillaume Cuvillier, an analyst at Gilbert Dupont. Of what to expect in the coming months further buybacks institutions in France and Italy.

This good news may be an opportunity for investors to search for the title again.Especially since the stock market environment seems to once again become more favorable to defensive stocks, while values have already called cyclic rebounded strongly in 2010. The payment in 2011 of a probable dividend for the year 2010 (for the first time) could also make it more attractive value. Management had indeed committed a year ago to pay a dividend of up to 20% of the net, starting the first year of return to profitability, which should be the case for 2010. The group will detail its annual results Tuesday, March 29, 2011 before the opening of the Paris Bourse.

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"The crisis is upon us. The finding of Stéphane Hamelin, president of the family group Hamelin (Canson, Oxford, Elba), the first European paper maker, is final. "After a great year 2010, we are facing a real collapse of our margins," says he. The doubling of the price of pulp (450 to 950 dollars per tonne since September 2009), which represents about one third the cost of paper, and the outbreak of chemical components such as polypropylene (+70%) have driven papermakers . Not to mention the doubling of the price of potato starch, used to bleach paper, or soaring oil prices.

Specifications at subway ticket

"We will have to spend double-digit increases from distributors, especially as the (price of) raw materials continue to rise," said Stephane Hamelin.On some products, prices negotiated in September last no longer reflect the reality of progress. "Basically, we are missing 4 to 5 points to pass to remain constant margins," he adds.

The soaring price of pulp is mainly due to the increase in Asian demand. "Weather conditions are deplorable in the world also made it difficult to logging," said Jean-Olivier Roussat, deputy CEO of Exacompta Clairefontaine (Clairefontaine, Quo Vadis, Rhodia …), which divides the market in France notebooks and diaries with Hamelin cash advance loan no fax. The earthquake in Chile, the second largest producer, has also destroyed many factories pulp.Moreover, the concentration of production in the hands of some twenty large global suppliers increases the pressure on prices.

Notebooks to pocket files via the subway tickets – manufactured by Clairefontaine – the production of many items is concerned. The article is more basic, plus rising raw material arises.

Thus, a stapled booklet of 96 pages Oxford, whose raw material (paper, cardboard) is half the cost, cost (ex-factory) is spent in one year from 20 to 23 cents (+ 15% ). The sale price consumers would likely switch to 53 cents, an increase of 10%.

Same calculation for a batch of one hundred transparent perforated plastic bags (Elba), which represents 70% polypropylene raw material. Hamelin asked retailers a rate increase of 24%.Finally, 20% could be passed on to consumer prices.

Faced with rising costs, manufacturers have little room to maneuver. In Canson, the inventor of tracing paper, purchased in 2006 by Hamelin, improves continually cutting corners to prevent paper losses.

The company has also developed a device that allows eco include reducing the use of cardboard in his pockets drawing paper.

"After a great year 2010, we face a real crush our margins"

More and more multinationals are looking towards Africa. The emergence of a middle class in many countries, and as many new consumers, fueling the greed of entrepreneurs and corporate rivalry. Starting with the operators of mobile telephony. While the number of phone users in Africa has surpassed the 500 million end of 2010, companies are waging a war without thank you to win new customers. Thus, Orange's ambitions: "Africa is one of our priorities. We believe there double our turnover by 2015. " The subsidiary of France Telecom is 7 billion euros in turnover in 2015 in emerging markets, represented 90% of Africa. Thus, the operator remains on the lookout for acquisitions on the continent.For its part, Vodafone has invested $ 2.4 billion to increase its stake in the first operator in South Africa, Vodacom. The British and India's Bharti Airtel has entered into a price war that led them to propose the "sms" to a penny (1.2 cents) in Kenya. And over the past ten years, Egypt's Orascom, the South African MTN and Zain Kuwait has invested about 13 billion dollars (9.7 billion euros) in Africa.

Another area subject to strong competition: the banks. The market is huge. Today, only 20% of households have a bank SSA. Societe Generale is betting on the Mediterranean and Africa and plans to open about 500 branches within five years.The major banking groups in Africa are also very present and plans to continue to attract new customers, like the First Afriland Cameroon, Gabon BGFI or Moroccan Attijariwafa Bank and BMCE.

The giant WalMart enters Africa

Also in the distribution, companies do their utmost to seduce the new class of consumers whose spending is expected to exceed 1.4 billion dollars in 2020 against nearly 860 million in 2008, according to a McKinsey study. World number one distribution, the U.S. giant WalMart, it comes to its entry into Africa by participating in 51% stake in the South African group Massmart to nearly 2.5 billion. L'Oreal, which already has several subsidiaries and markets products dedicated to Africans will continue to grow through innovations destined for the African population.Fnac, H & M and Gifi expressed their arrival on the continent.

Also in agribusiness, competition is required. So much so that the French giant Castel beer has collected 45% of the French specialist Somdiaa sugar (a subsidiary of Vilgrain), present in Congo – Brazzaville, Cameroon and Chad, to form a "new champion of the agro-industry in sugar. " The Dutch brewer Heineken has acquired five breweries in Nigeria, the second largest beer group in Africa Nigerian beverage Sona Group. And such examples of multinationals starting to conquer the African market are only the latest in a long list.

Infrastructure and transport, new targets multinationals

Companies are also urged to respond to needs in the areas of infrastructure and construction.While the population expected to reach 2 billion by 2050 against a billion today, the infrastructure needs are immense with less than 30% of the population having access to electricity and 59% are connected to water and open markets in Nigeria. EDF plans to put the focus on Africa. Soitec confirmed to be ready to deploy solar power. Chinese CCBC continues to expand in these areas. Alstom, Bouygues, Vinci and Orascom Construction also seek to advance their pawns, already established on the continent.

For large companies, the future is no longer played in the West but in emerging markets and particularly in Africa.Macroeconomic growth prospects attract: the IMF setting up 5% of GDP in 2011 and 74% of French companies operating in Africa think they are beneficiaries in 2011, as the barometer of the French Council of Investors in Africa (CIAN).

African groups assert in their domestic markets

African companies are also taking advantage of the development of their domestic market. The Egyptian Orascom Holding, the South African operator MTN or the Moroccan bank Attijariwafa are already present. And new businesses appear: Airlines Company Senegal Senegal to regional ambitions recently become available and other local companies should follow suit, as the Cameroonian Camair-Co.

Better still, some large companies are in turn to conquer Western markets.The South African SABMiller and Anglo American, present in the world could be pioneers in this field. Before you see the giant African acquire any Western societies … This could happen more quickly: the South African Steinhoff International plans to take to get your hands on Conforama, the number two European furniture industry behind Ikea.

Companies face risks: companies testify

Politically unstable, strangled by corruption, divided by state and ethnic conflicts, shortage of infrastructure: the risks that Africa does not discourage companies from investing there. Even the recent events in Tunisia and Ivory Coast have not due to ambitions of French companies on the continent.Asked about a possible change in strategy following the events in Tunisia and Cote d'Ivoire, France Telecom and L'Oreal do not plan to change their expansion goals on the continent. A spokesman for Orange said that the group withdrew its expatriate and a safety device deployed in these two countries where the operator employs 1,100 people in Tunisia and 1600 in Côte d'Ivoire. For now, the wait is required, indicate groups that entrust be prepared for crises. The situation is more worrying Orange Tunisia insofar as "the subsidiary is owned 51% by a shareholder who apparently has fled his country," says a union of Orange joined by AFP. The joint venture of France Telecom is majority owned by Marwan Mabrouk, a son of the deposed president.

"In Côte d'Ivoire, SMEs are suffering," said Alexandre Vilgrain, president of the Food and Somdiaa of the French Council of Investors in Africa, Cian, who represents the interests of French companies on the continent. The companies are careful not to take part, says the entrepreneur who "has no business thinking." He said that "entrepreneurs are willing to anything but civil war" but he believes that the situation "should not last." After the latest crisis in Cote d'Ivoire in November 2004, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Côte d'Ivoire (CCI-CI) had identified the destruction of 10,000 direct jobs and the disappearance of a hundred companies French.

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Wall Street is expected to rise on Tuesday. Shortly before the opening, the index futures Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 progressed effect respectively from 0.21% to 1255.90 points and 0.13% at 2233 points. The Dow Jones was tipped up 0.17% at 11,522 points.

On Monday, the New York Stock Exchange had ended indecisive, breaking four consecutive weeks of increases, on the alert after Chinese rate hike occurred Saturday. The Dow Jones had sold 0.16% to 11,555 points at the close, while the Nasdaq and the S & P 500 0.06% clawing.But in December, the bullish rally of the Dow Jones, boosted by the easing of the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed) will have been obvious: the Dow Jones has risen 5%, the Standard & Poor's 6% and the Nasdaq by 7%.

United States, a rate hike seems, indeed, hardly news, but investors are beginning to wonder whether the Fed will go through its share repurchase program of $ 600 billion.

House prices and consumer confidence on the menu

After a day without statistics on Monday, Tuesday will be provided in macroeconomic information: the S & P / Case-Shiller housing price for the month of December will be published at 15:00, before the consumer confidence index from the Conference board, expected at 16:00.The index of investor confidence will be unveiled at the same time.

Wal-Mart, HP, Kodak and FNAM to a …

On the corporate side, the U.S. giant Wal-Mart, the world of distribution, has decided to invest in 360buy.com, a leading Chinese online sales, reported Tuesday's Financial Times.Wal-Mart, which wants to strengthen its presence in China, which has the largest number of Internet users in the world, has partnered with five investors to inject $ 500 million in 360buy.com, a company specializing in electronic products.

The U.S. space agency NASA announced Monday it had awarded to Hewlett-Packard contract maximum of $ 2.5 billion for the supply of most of its computers and software and peripherals and mobile computing.

The group Chemed Corp. (+0.16% to 64.04 Monday dollARTS Cloister), which provides equipment for coaching purposes of life and services of Roto-Rooter, said in a statement it approved 70 million of additional share repurchases.

Eastman Kodak Co. should be well attended.The entrepise, 130 years specializing in photography and is reorganized to accommodate the digital age has detailed his participation in a technology license agreement with NEC Corp., which would allow each company access to Portfolio licenses of the other.

Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA U.S.) (-5.18% Monday closing) should also be monitored Exchange: Bank Financial Inc. American Ally.(Formerly GMAC) said in a statement that the borrowings housing unit, Residential Capital LLC, has reached an agreement with the finance giant Fannie Mae mortgage to resolve their differences on impaired loans taken by him with payment of $ 462 million.

The United States should decide in 2011 the fate of Fannie Mae (-8.98% Monday) and Freddie Mac, which survive through the gift that was made at Christmas 2009 of their loan of public money without limit. Placed under public guardianship in September 2008 to avoid bankruptcy, the two groups are the pillars of U.S. housing. They hold 3,900 billion of securities backed by home loans: the federal government guarantees through them so nearly half of these loans.In 2011, the debate must be opened with a report by the executive.

Finally, the Franco-American Alcatel-Lucent, listed in Paris and New York agreed to pay more than $ 137 million under a settlement of a case which was accused by telecoms equipment U.S. court of having bribed some officials to win contracts in Latin America and Asia. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) said Monday that the group was accused of having paid government officials in countries such as Costa Rica, Honduras, Taiwan and Malaysia to win or retain contracts worth tens of million.

The crisis in the euro area does not affect the morale of French business leaders. The index of business climate established by INSEE increased further in December to 105 points against 104 in November. He gained 7 points since July. "Improving the business climate is evident in all sectors," noted INSEE. On Thursday, the leading index PMI for the month of December, however, noted a temporary decline in activity in December by the weather.

Business leaders were particularly morale in industry. The index gained 3 points in a month, to 103 points, returning to levels not seen since mid-2008, ie before the crisis. The increased activity is found at a level above the average long period, the order books found in pre-crisis levels. Inventories are considered low."The general outlook, which represent the views of industrialists on the activity of the industry as a whole, are also increasing," notes INSEE easy pay day loans.

The services are also dynamic. The indicator for this sector stood at 103 points, against 102 in November. "Entrepreneurs believe their activity has accelerated in recent times and it still accelerate in the coming months," INSEE recounts, but "job creation has fallen slightly in recent months." The outlook is still well oriented: business leaders have revised upwards their expectations for recruitment, "a sign that job creation could increase in coming months," said INSEE.

In retailing, the business climate continues to improve. The index stood at 108 points in December, against 106 in November."This progress is mainly attributable to those recorded in the general retail and automotive, that is to say the dealers, said Insee. The automotive industry benefits from the reductions granted by manufacturers to compensate for the gradual disappearance of the scrapping.