The first official meets leaders of the twenty richest countries in the world. The second, far more dramatic, is between two doors off the record: it brings together the countries of the euro area G20, joined by the bosses of the EU executive, Jose Manuel Barroso and Herman Van Rompuy fast cash.

This crisis summit took place in two stages. A first in the morning, followed by a second, which began Thursday night in the presence of U.S. President Barack Obama.

This meeting was preceded yesterday morning by a preparatory meeting involving key ministers.A tax on wealth was also considered.

For its part, the Bank of Italy said yesterday, after completing a "stress-test" on the public debt (equal to 1.9 trillion euros, or 120% of GDP), it was "sustainable and expected to remain stable or decline slightly over the next two years, although rates on government securities amounted to 8% and that growth is zero. "

"Be responsible"

Silvio Berlusconi pledged Tuesday to Angela Merkel to present the stimulus at the G20. The stakes are high for Italy, when the borrowing rate to ten years the country approaching the "point of no return."

Spanish growth at half mast

Moody's in turn should decide by the end of October on a possible downgrade Spanish now "Aa2" (the third best possible)."With significant funding needs" of the Spanish State, to cover its budget expenditures and net external debt is "one of the highest in the world" (91% of GDP), said Fitch, "the more volatile strong a negative effect on financing conditions in the market of Spain. "

But there are also internal factors in the country "risks to fiscal consolidation as a result of performance parts." The same agency Fitch has lowered Wednesday including the long-term rating of the Basque Country, one of the richest region in which it criticizes the "weak fiscal performance." Growth forecasts have been revised downwards. Wednesday, the Bank of Spain announced that the country's growth expected to slow in the third quarter, to reach an economic activity 'lackluster'.The Spanish government has also recognized that the economic growth targets it had set for 2011 and subsequent years would be "hard to reach" because of the risk of recession in the world.

Italian governance into question

Fitch also lowered the rating one notch to Italy, "A +" against "AA-" and does not see her again in the fall if the country would miss its targets for reducing the budget deficit. Fitch was the last of three major international rating agencies have not downgraded from Italy since the beginning of the debt crisis in the eurozone. She explained that the high level of public debt and budgetary financing needs, combined with the low level of potential growth (the country), made in Italy especially vulnerable.The Agency is challenging the country's governance and stressed that the differences in the Parliament and the escapades of the prime minister Silvio Berlusconi, help to weaken the ruling coalition.

Belgium heckled by Dexia

Belgium is also in sight. The agenceMoody's said it was considering lowering its rating, currently at "Aa1", the second best possible. The agency cited three reasons: the crisis in the euro area, concerns for economic growth and the possibility of additional support to the banking system, particularly in establishing Franco-Belgian Dexia.

Another European country in turmoil, Portugal, has been confirmed its rating of "BBB-" (the last before falling into the category of "speculative") by Fitch, which continued on negative watch at least until the end of the year.Standard & Poor's, confirmed Tuesday the rating "BBB-" from Portugal, while maintaining it as a negative outlook. Portugal, the third country in the eurozone after Greece and Ireland to receive international financial assistance, is facing new economic challenges that undermine his efforts to clean up its public accounts. Progress in implementing the program of the European Union and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and its budget for 2012 will be crucial.

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2013 Goals

"People will judge us in 2013, and until then, we not only managed to get Greece to the crisis, but we have also implemented many important reforms that will lay the foundation for a different evolution of Greece in the future, "he said, cutting short the rumors of early elections.

The Prime Minister also accused the previous Conservative government to be primarily responsible for the current financial crisis. The spokesman for the main opposition party New Democracy, Yannis Mihelakis, immediately reacted. "He (George Papandreou) recognizes the economic impasse, but says nothing about its policy, which destroyed the economy and society," he retorted.In a report released Wednesday, a parliamentary commission of experts also found that the debt was low rates payday advance.

"Satisfactory progress"

Last year, Athens has received an aid package of 110 billion euros of the European Union (EU) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). At their summit on 21 July, the euro zone countries have agreed to pay a new loan, plus a share of the private sector on a voluntary basis, for a total of 50 billion euros. Representatives of the "Troika" (EU, ECB and IMF) mission in Athens Friday to advance structural reforms in the country.

Several media have interpreted the departure precipitated considered representatives of the EU, the IMF and the ECB as a clash with the Greek Government on the extent of the effort to provide rigor to continue fiscal consolidation.But such a break was denied both by the Ministry of Finance by the troika.

She spoke in a statement of "good progress" in talks, saying had "temporarily left Athens" to "allow the authorities to complete their technical work" related "to the 2012 budget and structural policies to strengthen growth."

(With AFP)

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The operation allows the specialist to Internet telephony to build a niche in the amount of online communication: messages grouped. With services such as GroupM, users can create discussion groups on their mobile phone and communicate with others, forming "chatrooms" private SMS.In recent months, major Internet players have been enamored of such services, which range from communication, and coordination, like Facebook, which bought the Beluga service in March 2011, eight months after its creation. In addition, the social network launched mid-August, Facebook Messenger, a mobile instant messaging application.

For its part, Google has made this communication bundle a cornerstone of its community platform + Google launched in late June, with the "hangouts" spaces bundled instant messaging and video. Finally, as recently shown by the London riots, the BlackBerry is an actor to be reckoned with in this area, through its private courier BBM (BlackBerry Messenger). Now owns GroupM, Skype will better stand up to these types of communications fast cash without a hassle.

175 million monthly users of Skype

"Skype and GroupM have a common vision.GroupM's team has created a messaging experience incredibly attractive bundle that runs across the terminals and mobile platforms, making it a perfect complement in voice, video and text of the Skype family, "said Tony Bates, general manager of Skype, in a statement.

For Jared Hecht, co-founder Steve Martocci GroupM, "there is a natural affinity between Skype and GroupM.""Our goal is to continue to develop tools that allow people to easily communicate, share and keep in touch with their close relations and important," he said, arguing that integration with Skype would allow the start-up achieve its vision of "ten times faster."

The start-up is already looking forward to see the service offered to 175 million monthly users of Skype.

The acquisition of Skype by GroupM, which is the subject of discussion for several months, could also be beneficial to Microsoft. It announced the acquisition of Skype for $ 8.5 billion in May.While sentencing the operating system (OS) Windows Mobile Phone 7, the software giant could find with GroupM a valuable feature to include in its bid for smartphones.

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In this spot, designed by BETC Euro RSCG, is not known if the son ends up coming out to her.But the statement by McDonald's, which has declined in all genres, is very clear that you're straight or gay, black or white, young or old, rich or poor, we do not judge, "just like you are. "

Before, we criticized the pub not to be representative of "visible minorities", not to be sufficiently "black-blanc-beur". Today, the debate has shifted to the "non-visible minorities" and still gets carried away on the issues of communalism, which are still taboo in France.

10% of "non-white"

The proportion of ads depicting characters perceived as "non-white" compared to the total advertising (TV, press and poster) distributed and reviewed by the Regulatory Authority's professional advertising (ARPP) reached 7% in 2008 against 3% in 2005, and this share has increased further since then, around 10%."Racial minorities are now represented quite rightly, said Ingrid Zerbib, image editor for the magazine Strategies, who viewed all the ads that come out in France. The next step is in progress. Homosexuals, the disabled and the sick are increasingly visible. "

McDonald's campaign has been emulated. Krys posted Orangina or gays in their pubs. Personalities with disabilities such as Down syndrome Pascal Duquenne for the virtual mobile operator Simyo, or the blind Gilbert Montagne, for heating specialist camera, turned in spots. Diseases are also commonplace."You can be sick without stigma," said Anne Ramon, communications director of the National Cancer Institute (INCA), the last campaign "I am a person, not a cancer," conducted by the agency La Chose , seeks to change social perceptions of one of the most widespread diseases in France.

In another, more commonplace, but also an affirmation of reality: that of the Community consumption, with the campaign launched last year by the brand halal Isla Delight "Proudly halal." On the occasion of Ramadan, for the first time in France, the brand was as diverse a reference food, free of any cliché. "This campaign is a marker, decrypts the marketing consultant Jean-Jacques Urvoy.The brand was treated as the French leader Charal. "On a halal market estimated at over 5 billion euros – and therefore highly competitive – the whole trick of the ad was to challenge the EU labeling, while displaying a rooster and a Charolais beef! A war of images in a way.

Before publishing the decrees of the device, the government had requested a progress report. By the Centre for Research in Economics and Statistics (CREST) ​​in conjunction with employment center, the evaluation was very critical.

In a note published in July and the conclusions of Crest, employment center points out that the anonymous CV does not improve the chances of access to interview candidates from immigrant backgrounds or areas sensitive urban. He even tends to reduce them: the anonymous CV, and diminish their chances by 9.6% to 4.6%.

Experimental bias

The organization provides two explanations for this paradoxical result. The first is that the anonymous CV would not allow the recruiter to put certain negative elements of the CV, such training less prestigious or less experience, according to social background or age of the candidate. Something that would naturally some recruiters.

The second reason to do more to challenge the findings.The experiment conducted between November 2009 and November 2010 would be biased as carried by companies sensitive to issues of discrimination, practices that would lead usually proactive in recruiting minorities. The anonymous CV so would deprive them of a way to diversify the profiles of their candidates.

One tool among others

Employment center stresses, however, that anonymous CV is generally less attractive to a recruiter a resume registered. Hence his concern that candidates applying via an anonymous CV will do also in turn be subject to discrimination compared to those who apply via other channels. All these observations lead the institution to question the need to generalize this scheme. A judge concluded that option "not possible".

Sabeg remember his part that "the government must decide" on this issue.But once staunch supporter of the measure, he argued today it remains a recruiting tool among many, "that some companies use successfully elsewhere," says he. To promote access to employment of diverse routes, employment center said meanwhile that other routes exist. Recruitment or without CV questionnaires skills are few.

The anonymous CV effective for women

If the anonymous CV is based on the Crest ineffective for candisats immigrant and Zus, it is however for gender discrimination. Indeed it has the advantage of counter behavior "hemophiliacs" recruiters. Behind this phrase lies their spontaneous tendency to favor the candidates of the same sex."When the interviewer is male, the probability for a woman to access the interview with a CV is registered 16.6 points lower than that of a man," is employment center. Recruiters prefer women as women, but to a lesser extent. The anonymous CV will reduce this inequality significantly, the study provides.

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As in Asia, the U.S. markets should react positively to the announcement of a contraction much weaker than expected Japanese GDP in the second quarter. But as in Europe, they should remain cautious on the eve of an important meeting between French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel on the reform of the governance of the euro area. They should discuss ways to implement to prevent contagion problems of sovereign debt to the rest of the region.

But Germany has already warned investors: this meeting will lead to "nothing spectacular"."It will be a working meeting on the governance of the euro area in line with European decisions taken in late July," said the spokesman of the Ministry of Finance. The latter also confirmed the skepticism against German Eurobonds solution yet desired by many investors. "The Euro-bonds are not an option," ruled the spokesman. These ads have already resulted in demoralizing the European investors.

Real estate for

Until the final conclusions of the meeting, U.S. investors are learning that manufacturing activity in the New York area declined for the third consecutive month at -7.7, 3.9 points lower than July .

The index of the property market is expected later.

Note that the currency market, the Euro rises slightly against the greenback at 1.4287 dollar.Oil markets, oil prices opened up on Monday in New York. A barrel of "light sweet crude" for September delivery was trading at 86.13 dollars, up 75 cents. Prices were down during the European trading, erasing their gains made in Asian trade in a market nervous and still haunted by persistent concerns about global growth and the debt crisis in the eurozone payday loan lenders. A barrel of Brent North Sea crude for September delivery was trading at 107.56 dollars on the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) in London, down 47 cents from Friday's close.

Google swallows Motorola Mobility

On the corporate side, Estee Lauder and Sysco should publish their results on Monday.

Lowe (-0.27% to 19.37 dollars) has already reported sales below expectations in the second quarter of its fiscal year and lowered its annual targets for the second time in three months, consumers pushing their development projects until later because of sluggish growth.

Google (-0.88% to 558.94 dollars) will buy the mobile phone manufacturer Motorola Mobility for $ 12.5 billion in cash.

Time Warner (-0.43% to 65.25 dollars) has reached an agreement to buy the cable operator Insight Communications to Carlyle for three billion dollars in cash.

Bank of America (3.20% to 7.42 dollars) has announced the sale of its activities in the international credit cards in Britain, Ireland or Canada.

Boeing (0.16% to 61.84 dollars) announced it had completed with Air Lease Corp. an order valued at $ 2.5 billion on 14 737-800 aircraft and five 777-300ER.

Pfizer (2.41% to 18.29 dollars) announced Monday it had won before a U.S. court case against Teva Pharmaceutical Industries of Israel, preventing the global generics to produce a copy of Viagra before 2019 .

Transocean (2.15% to 56.81 dollars), listed in New York, wants to buy the Norwegian group Aker Drilling, for a total of 1.1 billion Swiss francs (1 billion), according to a statement Monday.Several large shareholders, representing 65% of the capital, have agreed to the deal, said the Swiss.

The American specialist craft materials Grainger (2.12% to 138.72 dollars) on Monday announced the acquisition of the Dutch distributor of fasteners Fabory Group for $ 344 million (242 million).

Called "Go Forth" (On the Move in French), signed by the advertising agency Wieden + Kennedy American, calls young people to take their destiny. The message is reinforced by the recitation of a poem by Charles Bukowski, The Laughing Heart, to the very explicit (your life is your life / do not be discouraged by a tender moist / Be on the lookout)."Because of what's happening in the UK, we have temporarily postponed the release in cinemas and on Facebook in the country," said a spokesperson for the brand with the Daily Mail. He added that "Go Forth to embody the energy and events of our time. She does not speak of a political movement or a specific theme, but rather evokes optimism, positivism and the entrepreneurial spirit. "

The spot has also been removed from the official Facebook page for the brand. "We have all witnessed the recent events that took place in London and other cities in England. It is difficult to see a glimmer of hope amid the violence. But looking good, you will see it no fax payday loan. Not one of the riots and chaos. But through its citizens who take the broom to clean up their cities. It is through their pioneering spirit that make change possible, "says Levi's on Facebook.

Stunt involuntary RIM

Even if the manufacturer of jeans trying to detach events, riots in London have a real spotlight on its new advertising campaign. A promotion that seems to also affect involuntary RIM, the maker of BlackBerry. His e-mail service that equips its phones BBM, known to provide a guarantee of confidentiality of trade, is under the spotlight. Now it plays an important role in organizing the riots. The British press also devotes a large part in deciphering the events.

But this stunt could serve the image of RIM on the UK market.Already some voices calling for the closure of the service in England, prompting the direction of the Canadian manufacturer to announce, without further detail, cooperation "with local telecom operators, the police and government" of the country if so requested.

This collaboration could involve the closure of the service. The risk is important for the Canadian manufacturer that could alienate her young local clientele. According to a study released last week Ofcom, the BlackBerry is currently the favorite of the English smartphones of 16-24 years (37%) to the iPhone (25%).

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The day before, the Dow Jones had not been reassured by the vote of Congress, which has yet avoided a last-minute failure to pay the United States. The index feature New York had dropped 2.19%, still below 12,000 points."The U.S. indices have not even seen a technical rebound in the final hours of trading, as usual … Not since October 2008, the subprime crisis, to find such a sequence of declining U.S. indexes" analysts said Aurel BGC.

The threat rating agencies

In fact, the tension is not ready to fall in markets on both sides of the Atlantic. Despite the adoption by Congress of the Agreement on raising the national debt, the rating agencies maintain pressure on the world's largest economy. "The lowering of AAA to AA + rating from the U.S. would be a major shock for the world's largest economy, one that most creditors on the planet, says Stock Exchange on Barclays.Financing costs would increase the country, making more difficult the control of its huge debt. "

Moody's has already held that the agreement was manifestly inadequate and that the note of the United States could actually be lowered. The AAA highest possible rating currently assigned to the United States, is now accompanied by a negative outlook. Moody's is the second agency to assign a negative outlook on the triple A rating from the United States, according to Standard and Poor's on April 18. The third major rating agency, Fitch Ratings, maintains a stable outlook for now.

Another rating agency, but Chinese Dagong, has already lowered the credit rating of the United States after the vote of Congress, by passing from A + to A with a negative outlook.A decision that should be only for the time being very relative impact: the rating agency, in fact follows a methodology different from that of U.S. agencies Moody's, Fitch or Standard & Poor's. Unlike the three U.S. agencies that provide the United States sesame AAA Dagong does not in Washington this maximum score, and in November had lowered from AA to A +.

The ISM services disappoints

In this context, the macroeconomic agenda of the day, to say the least fleshed out, was watched closely, a sign of investor concerns about growth in the U.S..

At 14:15, the consulting firm HR ADP unveiled its traditional and highly anticipated monthly report on employment. Higher than the 100,000 new jobs expected by analysts, job creation in the U no fax pay day loan.S. private sector employment reached 114,000 in July.

In contrast, growth in the services sector in the United States recorded a surprise slowdown in July, according to the index of purchasing managers released Wednesday by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM). ISM non-manufacturing index stood at 52.7 last month, falling to its lowest level since February 2010, after 53.3 in June. Analysts on average expected a 53.6 index.

Orders for the industry fell 0.8% in June in the United States, driven down by gloom in the transport sector, said Wednesday the Commerce Department. Economists on average had expected a decline a little less strong, 0.7%. Orders were up 0.6% in May

Oil prices have again fallen back sharply Wednesday in New York as the market worried about demand for crude in an economic environment deteriorates.On the New York Mercantile Exchange (Nymex), a barrel of "light sweet crude" for September delivery finished at 91.93 dollars, down 1.86 dollars compared to the previous day.

Concerns about U.S. energy demand were boosted by the expected increase in official reserves of oil in the week ended July 29.According to figures released by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), crude oil inventories rose as expected 1.0 million barrels, those of gasoline rose more than expected 1.7 million barrels against the 100,000 barrels estimated by analysts.

Half year results: Comcast did better than expected

On the corporate side, several large quarterly publications are expected throughout the day, which should, once will not hurt, however, be overshadowed by the acute problems of sovereign debt and economic downturn.

The publications program began as microeconomic 13 hours, with, among others, the results of the second quarter of Time Warner (-1.18% to 33.60 dollars).Net income displayed increased 13.5% to 638 million.

At that moment, were released the results of Comcast (0.18% to 22.77 dollars), who, with a net profit up 16% to $ 1.02 billion, is slightly better than expected.

Garmin (-2.03% to 30.89 dollars) announced quarterly earnings down due to a fall of 19% of sales of navigation systems for cars and mobile devices. Before the opening, title Garmin gave 14%.

It will however wait until 22 hours to find out the half-year figures of Activision Blizzard (1.11% to 11.82 dollars).

Beyond the semi-annual publications, Amag Phamaceuticals (11.19% to $ 16) received an unsolicited offer to buy back the private equity investment MSMB Capital Management, valuing the pharmaceuticals group around $ 381 million.The offer, $ 18 per share offers a premium of 25% over the closing price of Amag Phamaceuticals Tuesday at 14.39 dollars.